Xantho

XPo is available to qualified customers under the Environmental Use Permit (EUP) from the EPA. It is also used under the Research Authorization (RA) permit in California

XPo Frequently Asked Questions

Application Program

Application Guidelines

Review of Xanthomonas as seen in the Golf Course News

Use:
Selective control of Poa annua in well managed golf courses

Overview:
XPo contains a bacteriaXanthomonas campestris pv. Poannua that infects and supresses the growth of Poa annua without infecting desirable turfgrass species.

The bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. Poannua infects Poa plants by entering a wound in the stem and leaf tissues. Once in the plant, the Xanthomonas bacteria multiply in the vascular system (xylem), plug up the xylem vessels, and cause wilting and death of the Poa plants. Symptoms include etiolation, stretching and wilting of the leaves, soon followed by death of infected plants. The change is gradual and there is a shift in the population from Poa to the desirable turf species.

There is no effect from XPo on bentgrass or other turfgrasses. This is big benefit for XPo over other annual bluegrass management options, which can slow down bentgrass growth.

References:
1. US Patent Number 5,077,045. David L. Roberts. Method for Suppressing Weed Grasses Using [Xanthomonas Campestris]. Dec.31,1991.

2. US Patent Number 5,271,932. Steven D. Savage. Xanthomonas Campestris Isolates and Methods of Use. Dec.21,1993.

3. US Patent Number 5,192,541. Steven D. Savage. Weed Killing Xanthomonas Campestris. Mar.9,1993.

4. Johnson, B.J. 1994. Biological control of annual bluegrass with Xanthomonas campestris pv. Poa annua in bluegrass. Hort-Science 29, 659-662.

5. Zhou, T..and Neal, J.C. 1995. Annual bluegrass (Poa annua) control with Xanthomonas campestris pv. poannua in New York State. Weed Technol. 9, 173-177.

6. Imaizumi, S., Tateno, A., and Fujimori, T. 1998. The significance of plant wounds in effective control of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) with Xanthomonas campestris pv. poae(JT-P482). J. Jap. Soc. Turf. Sci. 26, 149-155.

Phone (858) 716-3300